Analysing key words
To make sure that your essay is clearly focussed and that you answer the question asked, check the meaning of key words in the essay title.
Compare
Look for similarities and differences.
Contrast
Set in opposition in order to bring out differences.
Criticise
Give your judgement about the merit of theories and opinions or about the accuracy of statements. Back up your judgement by a discussion of evidence or of the reasoning involved.
Define
Give the precise meaning of a word or phrase. In some cases it may be necessary to examine different possible definitions.
Describe
Give a detailed or graphic account.
Discuss
Investigate or examine by argument; sift and debate; give reasons for and against.
Evaluate
Make an appraisal of the worth of something.
Explain
Make plain, interpret and account for; give reasons.
Illustrate
Make clear by the use of concrete examples.
Interpret
Expound the meaning of; make clear and explicit, usually by also giving your judgement.
More advice
Essential guide to essay writing from Leeds University and Writing essays from the BBC written by the OU's Andy Northedge
For registered students only
Practical advice on Doing Assignments
Student Toolkit – Writing Assignments (also available in hard copy from Regional Centres)
For registered students only
Practical advice on Doing Assignments
Student Toolkit – Writing Assignments (also available in hard copy from Regional Centres)